Reflective fabrics consist of directional reflective glass microspheres, a reflective mirror layer, a fabric base, and an adhesive. When light shines on the glass microspheres, it is refracted within the glass medium, reflected by the mirror layer on the back surface of the spheres, and then refracted back towards the light source by the spheres themselves, achieving retroreflection.
The glass microspheres typically have a diameter of 30-50 micrometers. The reflective mirror layer is usually an aluminum-plated layer to aid in light refraction. Common base fabric materials include mesh fabric and plain weave fabric, which can be further divided into synthetic fibers and T/C (polyester/cotton blend).
